The Performance Advantages of Brass Alloy
Brass, an alloy primarily composed of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), is one of the most versatile and widely used copper-based alloys. Its properties can be finely tuned by varying the proportions of copper and zinc and by adding other alloying elements like lead, tin, aluminum, or silicon. This results in a family of alloys […]
Normalizing vs. Annealing
In this section, you learn about the difference between normalizing and annealing. Cooling Differences: One major difference between annealing and normalizing is the rate of cooling. During normalizing, we cool the material in still air to produce a fine and tough grain structure. On the other hand, the workpiece is slowly cooled inside the […]
Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPA) in the Custom Processing Industry
The custom processing industry, which includes job shops, CNC machining, precision molding, and specialty fabrication, is inherently defined by variable orders, unique specifications, and often, low-volume, high-mix production. This variability makes a robust CAPA system not just a quality standard (like ISO 9001) requirement, but a critical business practice for survival and growth. CAPA is […]
Types of Sand Casting
Sand casting is one of the oldest and most versatile metal casting processes. It involves creating a mold from a sand aggregate and pouring molten metal into the mold cavity. The different types are primarily classified based on the sand used and the method of mold production. 1. Classification by Sand Bonding Method & Mold […]
How the Normalizing Process Works
Normalizing is performed after fabrication techniques such as stamping or casting. This is because metals that have been quenched for hardness typically exhibit reduced ductility. Normalizing transforms your metal’s crystal structure to a ductile state, enhancing toughness and brittleness. Consequently, normalized steels and nickel alloys are easier to machine than their untreated counterparts. Normalizing […]
Hot Rolling Process
Hot rolling is a fundamental metalworking process where metal is plastically deformed above its recrystallization temperature. This key differentiator from cold rolling allows the metal to be shaped and formed more easily with less force, resulting in significant changes to its microstructure and properties. 1. The Core Principle: Recrystallization Temperature The recrystallization temperature is the critical […]
Common Applications of Heat Treatment
Automotives A lot of heat-treated parts are used in the automotive industry for their strength. Some of these parts are: Gears Crankshafts Axles These parts needed to be heat-treated because they usually carry heavy loads. If the process is not done, the parts would wear out quickly. Aerospace Parts used in aircraft usually […]
Choosing a Quench Medium
There are several methods and techniques of quenching. Each significantly affects the final properties of your finished material. Let us cover common media for quenching metal and their trade-offs. Water Water is an aggressive quenching method since it offers the fastest cooling rate. Water’s rapid cooling mechanism is suitable when hardness and strength are […]
Cold Drawing
Cold drawing is a critical metalworking process that involves pulling a material through a single, or a series of, progressively smaller dies at room temperature (or slightly elevated, but below its recrystallization point). This process is primarily used to shape and form metal, but it can also be applied to plastics and other materials. The primary goals are […]
Effects of Quenching on Metal Properties
The main reason for quenching is to enhance hardness and strength. When you heat your material to the critical temperature, partial or complete austenizing takes place. However, due to rapid cooling, austenite is prevented from transforming into ferrite or pearlite. Instead, it is changed into martensite, resulting in a metal that is very hard […]
